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新疆大学 智能制造现代产业学院,乌鲁木齐 830049
杨荣坤,男,1999年生,山东济南人,硕士研究生;主要研究方向为故障诊断;1726846298@qq.com。
姜宏(通信作者),男,1976年生,新疆库尔勒人,博士,教授;主要研究方向为关键零部件健康评估与寿命预测、机器视觉与图像处理、大数据监测和数字化设计与制造;onlyxjjh@xju.edu.cn。
收稿:2024-12-05,
修回:2025-01-21,
纸质出版:2026-03-15
移动端阅览
杨荣坤,姜宏,章翔峰. 基于优化VMD和ELM的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法研究[J]. 机械传动,2026,50(3):172-178.
YANG Rongkun,JIANG Hong,ZHANG Xiangfeng. Study on fault diagnosis method for planetary gearboxes based on optimized VMD and ELM[J]. Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2026,50(3):172-178.
杨荣坤,姜宏,章翔峰. 基于优化VMD和ELM的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法研究[J]. 机械传动,2026,50(3):172-178. DOI: 10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.03.019.
YANG Rongkun,JIANG Hong,ZHANG Xiangfeng. Study on fault diagnosis method for planetary gearboxes based on optimized VMD and ELM[J]. Journal of Mechanical Transmission,2026,50(3):172-178. DOI: 10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.03.019.
目的
2
针对行星齿轮箱结构复杂导致振动信号故障特征提取困难,且传统处理方法高度依赖专业经验的问题,提出一种融合白鲸优化(Beluga Whale Optimization
BWO)算法优化变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition
VMD)、多尺度排列熵(Multi⁃scale Permutation Entropy
MPE)与极限学习机(Extreme Learning Machine
ELM)的故障诊断新方法。
方法
2
首先,利用BWO算法以包络熵最小为目标函数,对VMD的分解层数
K
、惩罚因子
α
进行了组合寻优,实现了信号的自适应分解;其次,利用MPE算法提取了各本征模态函数(Intrinsic Mode Function
IMF)分量的非线性特征,构建了包含均值、方差等5项时域指标的特征向量;最后,将特征向量输入ELM进行训练与识别,并在行星齿轮箱试验台上开展了不同工况下的对比试验。
结果
2
试验结果表明,所提方法在正常、齿根裂纹、缺齿及断齿4种工况下的整体识别准确率达到97.92%,显著优于EMD-ELM、优化VMD-SVM等传统模型。验证了BWO-VMD在信号去噪与自适应分解方面的优势,为行星齿轮箱关键部件的健康监测提供了可靠的技术支撑。
Objective
2
Due to the complex structure of planetary gearboxes
fault features are difficult to extract
and traditional methods rely heavily on professional expertise. To solve these problems
a fault diagnosis method integrating beluga whale optimization (BWO) algorithm optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD)
multi-scale permutation entropy (MPE)
and extreme learning machine (ELM) was proposed.
Methods
2
Firstly
the BWO algorithm was employed to optimize the decomposition layers
K
and penalty factor
α
of VMD using the minimum envelope entropy as the objective function to achieve adaptive signal decomposition. Secondly
the MPE algorithm was used to compute the non-linear features of the intrinsic mode function (IMF) components
and a feat
ure vector consisting of five time-domain indexes was constructed. Finally
the vectors were fed into the ELM for training and diagnosis. Comparative tests were conducted on a planetary gearbox test bench under four working conditions.
Results
2
The testing results show that the overall accuracy of the proposed method reaches 97.92%
which is significantly higher than that of EMD-ELM and optimized VMD-SVM models. The findings verify that the BWO-VMD effectively improves signal de-noising and adaptive decomposition. This research provides a reliable basis for the health monitoring and precision design of planetary gearboxes.
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