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1.江苏理工学院 机械工程学院,常州 213001
2.江苏省先进流体动力与装备工程研究中心,常州 213001
熊恒康,男,2001年生,江西抚州人,硕士研究生;主要研究方向为多轴连杆转向系统优化设计;3261570467@qq.com。
收稿日期:2024-08-14,
网络出版日期:2025-03-19,
移动端阅览
熊恒康,康绍鹏,杨静,等.基于改进NSGA-Ⅲ算法的多轴连杆转向机构多目标优化[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):1-9.
XIONG Hengkang,KANG Shaopeng,YANG Jing,et al.Multi-objective optimization of multi-axis linkage steering mechanism based on improved NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):1-9.
目的
2
为解决多轴车辆连杆转向机构在转向过程中转向轮无法实现纯滚动,从而导致转向时轮胎摩擦力增加、转向精度低等问题,对一种含虚约束的多轴连杆转向机构进行了运动学和动力学研究。
方法
2
通过坐标变换法对转向机构进行了运动学分析,构建了各构件铰接点坐标与第一轮转角变化关系,求得了各构件虚位移夹角;基于虚功原理,建立了转向机构的动力学模型,求解出液压缸输出力矩;基于Matlab软件对转向机构进行动力学仿真分析,并采用Adams软件进行验证,得到了液压缸输出力矩与第1轴转角的变化曲线。
结果
2
数值模拟结果与仿真结果误差在合理范围内,验证了动力学模型的准确性。为进一步降低液压缸驱动力矩和转向精准性,使用改进NSGA-Ⅲ算法对转向机构转向臂和车轮铰接点进行多目标优化,优化后,转角误差在1.4°之内;液压缸驱动力矩减少210 N·m,比优化前节能3.1%。研究结果为多轴车辆转向系统设计提供了参考。
Objective
2
In order to solve the problems that the steering wheel cannot achieve pure rolling during the steering process of the multi-axle vehicle linkage steering mechanism
resulting in the increase of tire friction and low steering accuracy during steering
the kinematics and dynamics of a multi-axis linkage steering mechanism with virtual constraints were studied.
Methods
2
The kinematic analysis of the steering mechanism was carried out by the coordinate transformation method
and the relation between the coordinates of the hinge point of each component and the change of the first round of rotation angle was constructed
so as to obtain the imaginary displacement angle of each component. Based on the virtual work principle
the dynamic model of the steering mechanism was established
so as to solve the output torque of the hydraulic cylinder. Based on Matlab software
the dynamic simulation analysis of the steering mechanism was carried out
and the Adams software was used to verify the change curve of the output torque of the hydraulic cylinder and the rotation angle of the first axis.
Results
2
The error between the numerical simulation results and the simulation results was within a reasonable range
which verified the accuracy of the dynamic model. In order to further reduce the driving torque and steering accuracy of the hydraulic cylinder
the improved NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm was used to optimize the steering arm and wheel hinge points of the steering mechanism
and the error of the optimized rear rotation angle was within 1.4°
and the driving torque of the hydraulic cylinder after optimization was reduced by 210 N·m
which was 3.1% less than that before optimization. The research results provide reference for the design of multi-axle vehicle steering system.
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