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1.武汉理工大学 高温轻合金及应用技术全国重点实验室,武汉 430070
2.现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
孟洋,男,2000年生,河北邯郸人,硕士研究生;主要研究方向为高性能齿轮成形制造技术;767522730@qq.com。
收稿:2025-08-03,
修回:2025-10-04,
网络首发:2026-04-30,
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孟洋,庄武豪,韩星会.航空直齿圆柱齿轮多自由度近净成形方法研究[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):1-9.
MENG Yang,ZHUANG Wuhao,HAN Xinghui.Study on multi-degree-of-freedom near-net shape forming method for aviation spur gears[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):1-9. 免费获取
目的
2
面向航空装备直齿圆柱齿轮优质高效制造需求,针对模锻、挤压等传统单自由度成形方法制造航空直齿圆柱齿轮时齿形填充困难且成形载荷过大等问题,本研究创新提出航空直齿圆柱齿轮多自由度成形新思路,即通过辗压模连续局部多自由度加载提升金属流动能力,降低成形载荷,同时细化齿轮晶粒组织,形成沿齿形连续分布的金属流线,进而提升齿轮强度和疲劳寿命,为高强韧、长寿命航空直齿圆柱齿轮制造提供新技术路径。
方法
2
首先,采用有限元仿真技术探究了坯料形状对齿形填充效果及成形载荷的影响规律,据此提出坯料优化设计方法,并进一步揭示了成形过程中齿形填充规律、等效应变分布与演变规律以及金属流线演变规律;其次,依据有限元仿真结果开展航空直齿圆柱齿轮多自由度近净成形工艺试验,并对试验样件进行晶粒尺寸和金属流线检测,验证上述有限元仿真模型和仿真结果的有效性。
结果
2
研究结果表明,采用圆台型坯料可有效提升齿形充填效果并降低成形载荷,最终获得了齿形充填饱满的航空直齿圆柱齿轮样件;同时,多自由度成形方法能够向齿形区域引入剧烈塑性变形,不仅可有效细化齿轮晶粒,还能形成沿齿形连续分布的金属流线。因此,多自由度近净成形技术可以实现航空直齿圆柱齿轮高性能制造。
Objective
2
Addressing the requirements for high-quality and efficient manufacturing of aviation spur gears
and targeting issues such as incomplete tooth profile filling and excessive forming loads encountered in traditional single-degree-of-freedom forming methods like die forging and extrusion
this study innovatively proposes a multi-degree-of-freedom forming approach for aviation spur gears. This method enhances material flow capacity and reduces forming loads through continuous local loading via a multi-degree-of-freedom rolling die. Simultaneously
it refines the grain structure of the gear and generates continuously distributed metallic flow lines along the tooth profile
thereby improving the gear's strength and fatigue life. This provides a new technological pathway for manufacturing high-strength
high-toughness
and long-life aviation spur gears.
Methods
2
Finite element simulation technology was first employed to investigate the influence of preform geometry on tooth profile filling effectiveness and forming load. Based on this
an optimized preform design method was proposed. The mechanisms of tooth profile filling
Effective strain distribution and evolution
and metallic flow lines evolution during the forming process were further revealed. Subsequently
a Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Near-Net Shape Forming experiment was conducted based on simulation results. Grain size and metallic flow lines of the test specimens were characterized to validate the finite element model and simulation results.
Results
2
The results demonstrate that: Frustum-shaped preforms significantly improve tooth profile filling completeness and reduce forming load
enabling the production of fully-filled aviation spur gears. The Multi-Degree-of-Freedom forming method introduces severe plastic deformation into the tooth profile zone
effectively refining grain size and generating continuously distributed metallic flow lines along the tooth contour. Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Near-Net Shape Forming technology achieves high-performance manufacturing of aviation spur gears.
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