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1.中国航发北京航空材料研究院,北京 100095
2.中航工业失效分析中心,北京 100095
3.航空材料检测与评价北京市重点实验室,北京 100095
4.中国航空发动机集团 航空材料检测与评价重点实验室,北京 100095
5.中国航发中传机械有限公司,长沙 410200
6.山东科技大学 机械电子工程学院,青岛 266590
刘春江,男,1987年生,北京人,硕士,工程师;主要研究方向为金属损伤与失效分析;lchj-2008@163.com。
收稿:2025-11-07,
修回:2026-01-05,
网络首发:2026-04-30,
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刘春江,王更杰,姜涛,等.航空新一代齿轮钢15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni短棒状磁痕产生机制研究[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7.
LIU Chunjiang,WANG Gengjie,JIANG Tao,et al.Research on the generation mechanism of short rod-shaped magnetic traces in the new generation of aviation gear steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7.
刘春江,王更杰,姜涛,等.航空新一代齿轮钢15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni短棒状磁痕产生机制研究[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7. DOI:
LIU Chunjiang,WANG Gengjie,JIANG Tao,et al.Research on the generation mechanism of short rod-shaped magnetic traces in the new generation of aviation gear steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):1-7. DOI:
目的
2
15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni合金是新一代高强度、高耐温、高耐磨损的低碳高合金钢,广泛应用于航空航天、汽车变速箱等高端领域。磁粉检测在该合金构件的质量检验中具有重要作用,但短棒状磁痕的出现常常干扰检测结果。本文旨在探讨短棒状磁痕的产生机制,分析其与合金内部微观组织结构、碳化物分布及锻造工艺之间的关系,从而为优化锻造工艺、控制晶粒尺寸、抑制位错滑移带过度发育以及降低磁痕干扰提供理论依据。
方法
2
选取该合金齿轮轴孔磁痕显示处与非显示处样品,结合磁粉检测、扫描电子显微镜观察、金相分析及能谱分析手段,从宏观和微观层面对比研究磁痕的形态特征、碳化物成分及晶粒结构差异。
结果
2
通过宏观与微观分析,研究发现,短棒状磁痕的形成与Cr-Mo系碳化物在合金内的成串聚集密切相关,这些碳化物通过影响局部磁导率形成磁漏场,从而导致磁粉聚集。进一步的研究揭示了短棒状磁痕的组织演化链:“粗晶→位错滑移带→Cr/Mo富集→沿界面定向析出→碳化物成带→磁导率梯度→短棒状磁痕”。
Objective
2
The 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni alloy represents a new generation of low-carbon
high-alloy steels characterized by exceptional strength
elevated-temperature stability
and superior wear resistance
making it widely applicable in high-performance sectors such as aerospace engineering and automotive transmission systems. Magnetic particle inspection (MPI) serves as a critical non-destructive evaluation method for ensuring the structural integrity of components fabricated from this alloy. However
the presence of short rod-shaped magnetic indications frequently complicates defect assessment by introducing non-relevant signals. This study systematically examines the formation mechanism of such magnetic indications
with particular emphasis on their correlation with the alloy’s internal microstructural characteristics
carbide distribution patterns
and forging parameters. The findings provide a scientific foundation for optimizing forging practices
refining grain structure
mitigating excessive dislocation slip bands
and minimizing spurious magnetic indications in quality control processes.
Methods
2
Samples were collected from both the magnetic-indication-displaying and non-displaying regions of the alloy gear shaft hole. By integrating magnetic particle inspection (MPI)
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation
metallographic analysis
and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis
comparative studies were conducted on the morphological characteristics
carbide compositions
and grain structure differences of magnetic indications at both macroscopic and microscopic scales.
Results
2
Comprehensive macroscopic and microscopic investigations reveal that the formation of these magnetic indications is strongly associated with the chain-like clustering of Cr-Mo-rich carbides within the microstructure. These carbide aggregates induce local variations in magnetic permeability
thereby generating magnetic flux leakage fields that promote the accumulation of magnetic particles during inspection. Further analysis has elucidated a sequential microstructure evolution chain leading to the development of short rod-shaped magnetic traces: "coarse grains → dislocation slip bands → Cr/Mo segregation → interfacial directional precipitation → carbide banding → magnetic permeability gradient → magnetic particle accumulation."
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