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西安科技大学 建筑与土木工程学院,西安 710054
贺政翰,男,2005年生,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市东胜区人;主要研究方向为机械系统动力学;24404050818@stu.xust.edu.cn。
网络首发:2026-04-24,
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贺政翰.转向梯形机构传动特性分析与仿真验证[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):1-6.
HE Zhenghan.Transmission characteristics analysis and simulation verification of steering trapezoidal mechanism[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):1-6.
目的
2
忽略转向梯形机构或假设左、右前轮转向角一致,会降低车辆路径跟踪、回正力矩计算与转向梯形机构优化的精度。为此,构建转向梯形机构传动比函数,计算左、右前轮转向角,揭示转向梯形机构造成转向角差异的原因。
方法
2
通过转向梯形机构结构分析,将其运动划分为轮-销的空间运动与阿克曼杆系的平面运动;投影轮-销间的空间几何位置,利用空间向量计算主销与转向角间的关系,推导出轮-销传动比;由阿克曼杆系投影出当量转向梯形,通过构造转向梯形辅助角与阿克曼杆系三角形,推导出转向梯形传动比函数。总传动比函数由轮-销传动比、转向器传动比与转向梯形传动比构成,其正确性与精确性通过对比Matlab数值模拟与Adams/Car运动仿真结果进行验证。
结果
2
结果表明,阿克曼杆系三角形长边的变化是前轮转向角不一致的主要原因;0°~27°转向范围内,总传动比函数计算出的转向角最大相对误差绝对值不大于3.21%。
Ignoring the steering trapezoidal mechanism or assuming that the steering angles of the left and right front wheels are the same will reduce the accuracy of vehicle path tracking
steering aligning torque calculation and steering trapezoidal mechanism optimization.In this paper
the transmission ratio function of the steering trapezoidal mechanism will be constructed and the steering angles of the left and right front wheels will be calculated to reveal the reasons for the steering angle differences caused by the steering trapezoidal mechanism.Through the structural analysis of the steering trapezoidal mechanism
its motion is divided into the spatial motion of the wheel-kingpin and the planar motion of the Ackerman linkages. Projecting the spatial geometric position between the wheel and the kingpin
calculating the relationship between the kingpin and the steering angle using the spatial vector
the wheel-kingpin transmission ratio is derived.The equivalent steering trapezoid is projected from the Ackerman linkages
and its transmission ratio function is derived by constructing the auxiliary angle of the steering trapezoid and the triangle of the Ackerman linkages. The total transmission ratio function is composed of the wheel-kingpin transmission ratio
the steering gear transmission ratio and the steering trapezoidal transmission ratio. Its correctness and accuracy are verified by comparing the Matlab/Simulink numerical simulation and the Adams/Car motion simulation results. The results show that the variation of the long side of the Ackerman linkages triangle is the main reason for the inconsistent steering angles of the front wheels; within the steering range
0°~27°
the absolute value of the maximum relative error of the steering angle calculated by the total transmission ratio function shall not exceed 3.21%.
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