1.广东电网有限公司电力科学研究院 人工智能与机器人研究所, 广东 广州 510000
2.华北电力大学(保定) 能源动力与机械学院, 河北 保定 017000
王杨(1987— ),男,安徽合肥人,工学博士,工程师,主要从事配网作业机器人运动控制系统研究。
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王杨,王犇,麦晓明.基于几何学的臂部相邻三关节轴线平行的6自由度机械臂逆运动学算法研究[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):54-59.
Wang Yang,Wang Ben,Mai Xiaoming.Research of Inverse Kinematics Algorithm of 6 DOF Manipulator based on Geometry with Arm Adjacent Three Joints Axes Parallel[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):54-59.
王杨,王犇,麦晓明.基于几何学的臂部相邻三关节轴线平行的6自由度机械臂逆运动学算法研究[J].机械传动,XXXX,XX(XX):54-59. DOI: 10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2019.11.009.
Wang Yang,Wang Ben,Mai Xiaoming.Research of Inverse Kinematics Algorithm of 6 DOF Manipulator based on Geometry with Arm Adjacent Three Joints Axes Parallel[J].Journal of Mechanical Transmission,XXXX,XX(XX):54-59. DOI: 10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2019.11.009.
提出了一种针对肩、肘和腕3个相邻回转关节轴线始终平行的6自由度串联机械臂逆运动学问题求解方法。该方法能够在求解的第一步利用结构约束下的机械臂腕、手与末端三者的空间几何关系,确定目标末端位姿对应的腕部空间位置;从而将一个描述机械臂末端位姿和机械臂6个关节角度关系的六元方程组求解问题,转化成为分别描述机械臂腕部位置与机械臂肩、腕部共3个关节角度之间关系,以及描述机械臂末端姿态与剩余机械臂腕部3个关节角度之间关系的两个三元方程组求解问题,显著降低了6自由度机械臂逆运动学问题的求解复杂度。以UR3机械臂为试验对象,试验结果表明,该算法能够根据机械臂末端姿态求解其各关节角度,与采用UR3配套控制算法相比,采用该算法的UR3机械臂末端线性定位精度达到毫米级、角度定位精度达到1°。
A solving method for the inverse-kinematics (IK) problem of a kind of 6 degree of freedom (DOF) manipulator with the axes of the 3 adjacent rotational joints in the arm part,shoulder,elbow and wrist parallel is presented. The merit of this method is that,by utilizing the geometrical relation between the end-effector,hand and wrist of the manipulator determined by its structure,the position of the wrist corresponding to a desired end-effector orientation and position can be solved at the first step in the whole calculation process. And then,the solution of a 6-variable equations,which describes the relationship between the 6 joint positions of the manipulator and its end-effector orientation and position is reduced into two 3-variable equations,one of which describes the relationship between the wrist position and the positions of 3 joints distributed in the shoulder and elbow,and the other describes the relationship between the end-effector orientation and the positions of the rest 3 joint distributed in the wrist. This method reduces the complexity of solving the IK problem of a 6 DOF manipulator. The experiment results with an UR3 manipulator shows that,the method is able to compute the joints positions,in comparison with by applying the algorithm of the UR3 controller,the end-effector positioning accuracy of the manipulator by applying the presented method is up to millimeter-scale in linear and 1 degree in angular.
逆运动学 几何约束 6自由度机械臂 UR3机械臂
Inverse-kinematicsGeometric constraint6-DOF manipulatorUR3 manipulator
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