In order to solve the problems of the wide dump truck drive axle housing fatigue failure in working conditions,by collected the vehicle axle excitation information in working conditions,combined with the finite element method,the wide dump truck drive axle housing stress,deformation and fatigue properties are studied,a heavy duty wide dump truck drive axle housing mechanics characteristic analysis method is got. The research results show that the heavy duty wide dump truck drive axle housing stress,deformation,the minimum safety factor and minimum life by combining the measured large waveform axle excitation data can meet the material and design requirements,the reliability of axle housing is relatively high. Under the wide dump truck drive axle housing finite element model is introduced to the collected spectral large waveform axle excitation road data,which can further improve the fit degree calculation and analysis under the environment of virtual prototype with the actual environment,and also can provide a reference for the follow- up of virtual prototype environment design,analysis and modification of drive axle housing.