The key of rolling bearing fault mechanism research is that the built dynamics model of rolling bearing fault is effective and conformed to the actual working condition. On the basis of the gained contact equivalent stiffness and contact equivalent damping of the rolling bearing,the clearance and change of load area are took into account,the spring- damping system vibration model of rolling bearing is established. The vibration model of rolling bearing with single fault is built by loading the impulse function generated by surface damage point into the outer ring,inner ring and rolling body respectively. The vibration models are solved with fourth- order Runge- Kutta method,and then the vibration data of inner ring are obtained and analyzed in frequency spectrum. The correctness of vibration model of fault rolling bearing is confirmed by the multi- body dynamics simulation of fault rolling bearing and practical test experiments. The deviation between the modeling results and simulation results and testing results are less than 0. 5 Hz.