最新刊期
期 11 ， 2022
- 摘要：Planetary roller screw mechanism (PRSM) is a new type of heavy duty transmission devices. Rated static load is a key indicator to reflect its carrying capacity. Aiming at the problems of inconsistent calculation methods of PRSM rated static load and large difference between calculation results at present, four calculation methods of PRSM rated static load based on ball screw, rolling bearings, yield limit and elastic-plastic linear strengthening are expounded and corresponding calculation models are established; the PRSM elastic-plastic finite element contact analysis model is established, and the accuracy of the four calculation methods is compared and verified; an improved PRSM rated static load calculation method based on rolling bearing standards is proposed. The results show that the calculated results of the rated static load based on rolling bearings agree well with the finite element results. The improved calculation method reduces the average error from 17.03% to 8.90%, which can accurately calculate the rated static load of PRSM. It provides theoretical support for the design and selection of planetary roller screw mechanism.关键词：Planetary roller screw mechanism;Rated static load;Hertz contact;Elastoplastic mechanics
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：In order to investigate the dynamics characteristics of gears with constant relative curvature (CRC gears), a translation-torsional coupling dynamics model of the gear transmission system is established by instantly invoking the geometric parameters of the meshing points, considering the time-varying effects such as the direction of normal meshing force, sliding friction coefficient and meshing stiffness. The Range-Kutta method is utilized to solve the dynamics equations numerically; the model is verified to be correct by comparing with the finite element simulation results. The results show that the dynamic transmission error and the average mechanical efficiency of the two gears are close to each other; the sliding friction force and sliding friction coefficient of the CRC gear are smaller. The dynamics model can reflect dynamics characteristics of the CRC gear, which also applies to other non-involute cylindrical gear drives.关键词：Gears with constant relative curvature;Path of contact;Dynamics model;Time-varying effect;Friction coefficient
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：According to the space meshing theory, the mathematics model of conjugate surfaces is constructed. Based on the coordinate transformation of this model, the mathematical solution of the wheel and pinion tooth surfaces is obtained. On the basis of surface synthesis, the construction method of gradient surface (Ease-off) for tooth modification is given. Taking the rotating projection plane of the tooth surface as the coordinate plane, the normal deviation of the modified tooth surface from the conjugate tooth surfaces for pinions is calculated, and the Ease-off surface of the spiral bevel gear is obtained. Based on analysis of the Ease-off surface, the complete contact morphological characteristics of tooth surface are obtained: the contact line-off, contact path, transmission error, etc., which are highly consistent with the actual contact pattern of the tooth surface. The above findings provide an accurate and feasible method for the topology design and meshing simulation of complex tooth surfaces.关键词：Spiral bevel gear;Ease-off surface;Transmission error;Contact pattern;Surface synthesis
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Considering the hysteresis effect of the harmonic reducer in the joint and that when the joint is subject to alternating load torques, the hysteresis effect will have great influence on the output precision. However, the load on each joint of the multi-DOF manipulator is not constant and the hysteresis effect of harmonic reducers in the joint should be considered when analyzing the precision of the manipulator's end motion. A stiffness model with the hysteresis effect is proposed. Combined with the Stribeck friction model, a dynamic model of the manipulator is established. By solving the model, the end motion trajectory of the manipulator considering the hysteresis of the harmonic reducer's torsional angle is obtained. The motion accuracy index is established and the influence of the hysteresis angle and torsional stiffness of harmonic reducers on the trajectory accuracy of manipulators is analyzed. The results can provide reference for the harmonic reducer in the engineering design process of manipulators.关键词：Manipulator;Harmonic reducer;Hysteresis effect;Dynamics modeling
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Taking the planetary gear with flexible pins for vertical mills as the research object, a finite element model of flexible pins is established. The dynamics model of planetary gear system with flexible pins is established by considering the effects of manufacturing and mounting errors, time-varying meshing stiffness and bearing support stiffness. The dynamic load sharing performance of the system under equivalent meshing errors is studied. The effects of machining accuracy, error excitation and flexible pin structure on the load sharing performance of the system are investigated. The results show that the flexible pin can reduce the load sharing coefficient of the planetary system compared with the common pin. The lower the gear machining accuracy level is, the more obvious the advantage of flexible pins in load sharing performance is. In addition, the influence of manufacturing error is greater than that of assembly error. The manufacturing error of the sun gear has the greatest influence. The diameter of the pin and the length of the contact line between the pin shaft and the sleeve have a significant impact on the load sharing performance. The reasonable design of the flexible pin structure can improve the load sharing performance of the wheel system.关键词：Vertical mill;Planetary gear;Flexible pin;Load sharing performance;Error;Machining accuracy;Geometrical size
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Accurate prediction of the temperature field of machine tool spindle bearings can determine the service condition of the bearings and lay the foundation for bearing operation and maintenance. By considering the dynamic effects of radial thermal deformation and axial thermal displacement on the internal geometry of the bearing, the pseudo-statics model is modified, and on the basis of the partial method of calculating the overall frictional heat generation of the bearing, a coupled analysis model of the composite deformation and temperature field of the spindle system components is established in combination with the thermal network method. In turn, the bearing temperature rise curves with variable heat distribution under different working conditions are solved, as well as the ratio of the steady-state heat of the bearing assembly under the corresponding conditions. The results show that in the working state of the spindle bearing, the heat generation of the inner raceway is generally higher than that of the outer raceway; with the change of spindle speed and axial force, the heat generation of bearing assembly will change according to a certain rule.关键词：Machine tool spindle bearing;Heat generation law;Thermal deformation;Thermal network method
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Aiming at the problem that the transmission ratio error of a steel belt transmission device in a flexible base is large, the transmission principle and transmission law of the steel belt transmission device are analyzed. Firstly, the non-circular profile of the belt pulley is calculated, and the theoretical transmission ratio and the force characteristics of the steel belt are obtained. Then, a finite element simulation is used to simulate the steel belt transmission, and the effects of local plastic bending of the steel belt and stress concentration at the screw hole on the theoretical transmission ratio are analyzed. Finally, the error analysis of the experimental data of the flexible base is carried out, and the comparison of the experimental data and the simulation data shows that the two have a good agreement. In this study, the influence of belt profile, local plastic deformation and elastic deformation on transmission ratio is analyzed, and on this basis, the improvement scheme is put forward to make the belt transmission become accurate transmission.关键词：Steel belt transmission;Transmission ratio;Finite element simulation;Error analysis
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发布时间：2022-12-01
Theory·Research
- 摘要：Facing the occasion of grasping and sorting, a novel 3T1R planar symmetric parallel mechanism, named 2PRPaU-2PSS PM, is proposed, and its kinematics is analyzed in detail. The degree of freedom and coupling degree are addressed through the position and orientation characteristic (POC) theory. The mathematical models of displacement and orientation, velocity and acceleration analysis are derived by utilizing the vector method. Meanwhile, the nonlinear equations of forward displacement are transformed into one-dimensional equation, thus using the improved grey wolf optimization algorithm to solve this problem. A numerical example is given to verify the correctness of the kinematical mathematical model, the displacement, velocity, and acceleration curves are obtained with the aid of Matlab, and then Adams is used for simulation verification. Finally, the two results are basically consistent, which indicates that the kinematic mathematical models of the discussed mechanism derived are correct and reliable.关键词：Parallel mechanism;Position and orientation characteristic;Forward position solution analysis;Kinematics analysis;Grey wolf optimization algorithm
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：In order to improve the bearing performance and test accuracy of vehicle vibration test benches, a test bench which can simulate vehicle vibration environment in an all-round way is designed based on a 6-UPS parallel mechanism. Through the mechanism analysis and degree of freedom calculation of the 6-UPS parallel mechanism, the pose relationship between components is established, the kinematics equation of the bench is deduced, and the kinematic characteristics of the bench are studied. By establishing the simulation model of vehicle vibration test benches, the kinematic simulation analysis of the bench is carried out using Adams software, and the kinematic parameters of the bench are verified theoretically. The results show that the vehicle vibration test bench can move according to the predetermined trajectory, the simulation curve is smooth without mutation, and the designed bench can meet the expected performance indexes, which verifies the rationality of the bench design. This study lays a foundation for the dynamic analysis, control strategy research and optimization design of vehicle vibration test benches.关键词：Vehicle vibration test bench;6-UPS parallel mechanism;Kinematic analysis;Kinematic simulation
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Based on the transmission principle of traditional roller flat plate CVT and the transmission characteristics of bevel gears, a new bevel gear-roller flat plate CVT is proposed, the transmission principle and structural characteristics of the CVT are analyzed, and the mechanical transmission mathematical model between roller and flat plate is established; based on the principles of contact mechanics and tribology, the design and analysis of bevel gear-roller flat plate CVT is carried out. Using Ansys for transient simulation, the results show that the carrying capacity of the new CVT is significantly improved.关键词：CVT;Friction;Contact stress;Finite element analysis;Carrying capacity
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：In order to improve the flight performance of the flapping-wing aircraft, this study draws on the characteristics of the flight movement of large birds, designs a new two-stage foldable bionic flapping-wing mechanism, and establishes the kinematic and aerodynamic models of the flapping-wing mechanism. The motion performance and aerodynamic performance of the wing mechanism are analyzed. The results show that the upper flapping limit of the inner wing of the designed new folding flapping wing mechanism is 45.3°, the lower flapping limit is -5.2°, the upper flapping limit of the outer wing mechanism is 46.1°, and the lower flapping limit is -27.9°. These are consistent with the flight motion parameters of large birds; based on the strip theory and the aerodynamic model of the flapping-wing aircraft, the aerodynamic forces of the new two-stage folding flapping wing and the traditional non-folding flapping wing are calculated and compared. The average lift of the former is 4.31 times that of the latter and the two-stage folding flapping-wing flying structure has better aerodynamic characteristics.关键词：Two-stage flapping-wing mechanism;Fold;Kinematic analysis;Aerodynamics
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Aimed at the problems of track deviation and lack of reference for debugging during the movement of carbon-free trolleys, the RSSR mechanism is selected as the steering device, and the mathematical model of obstacle avoidance motion of the trolley is established based on the motion characteristics of the spatial four-bar linkage. The influence of the parameters of the spatial four-bar linkage on the trajectory of the trolley is analyzed from the kinematics point of view, the influence of the parameters of the four-bar linkage on its motion process is further explored from the dynamics point of view, and the general law of the trolley motion of the RSSR mechanism is obtained. Finally, the actual debugging of the trolley shows that the trolley can run smoothly and successfully avoiding 30 obstacles. The mathematical model established and movement law of the car obtained from the research of the RSSR mechanism are of great engineering guiding significance for the actual debugging of carbon-free trolleys.关键词：Carbon-free trolley;RSSR mechanism;Motion simulation;Structural design
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：A tendon driven dexterous hand based on airbag structure is proposed, which has the advantages of simple actuation, light weight and flexibility. Firstly, the finger structure of the dexterous hand driven by tendon rope and the root joint structure driven by airbag are introduced, where the root joint based on airbag structure consists of six parts: airbag, tension spring, rotating connector, bearing, circlip and palm connection support. Next, the kinematic model of the dexterous finger is established and the motion space is derived. At the same time, the kinematic model of the fingertip is derived, and the lateral swing force, lateral swing moment and lateral swing angle of the finger are analyzed after adding the airbag driving structure, and the 3D motion simulation is carried out. An experimental platform is built to test the performance of the dexterous hand, and the effectiveness of the developed tendon-driven dexterous hand design based on the airbag structure is verified through the grasping experiments of various objects.关键词：Tendon rope driven;Airbag structure;Lateral swing space;Dexterous hand;Motion simulation
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发布时间：2022-12-01
Design· Calculation
- 摘要：In order to predict the peak value of residual compressive stress and the depth of residual compressive stress layer on the surface of hot rolling gear profiles, the machining process of face gears during hot rolling is simulated by DEFORM-3D finite element simulation software, and the peak value of residual compressive stress and the depth of residual compressive stress layer on the surface of gear profile under different combinations of process parameters are obtained. Taking the simulation results as data samples, the response surface method is used to establish the prediction model of residual compressive stress and compressive stress layer depth on the surface of hot rolling gear profiles, and the optimal process combination is obtained by taking the maximum peak value of residual compressive stress and the minimum depth of residual compressive stress layer as the optimization objective. Taking the optimal process combination as the actual processing parameters, the measured value of residual stress on the surface of tooth profile is compared with the predicted value. It is found that the measured value is less than the predicted value, and the maximum error is no more than 17%. The results show that the prediction model can measure and control the surface residual stress of hot rolling gears.关键词：Face gear;Hot rolling;Residual stress;Response surface
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：The friction and wear characteristics of MoS2-based solid-lubricated bearings have an important influence on the performance and wear life of bearings in vacuum atmosphere. Relying on the vacuum ball-friction and wear testing machines and based on the quasi-statics of rolling bearings and the Archard wear theory, the wear life model of solid lubricated bearings is established and verified by experiments. Numerical simulation method is used to study the influence of working condition parameters and bearing structure parameters on the friction and wear characteristics of the solid-lubricated bearings. The model can predict the wear life of the bearings well, and the error between the calculated results and the experimental results is within 11.7%. In the low speed range, the wear life of the solid-lubricated bearings under axial load has no relation with the rotation speed, but the load has a great influence on the wear life, showing a negative correlation trend. The change of radius coefficient of inner and outer ring grooves directly affects the wear life of bearings, and it increases with the increase of radius coefficient of inner ring grooves and decreases with the increase of radius coefficient of outer ring grooves. The increasing number of bearing steel balls and the enlargement of the contact angle can effectively reduce the wear rate of bearings and improve the wear life of bearings.关键词：Solid-lubricated bearings;Vacuum atmosphere;Quasi-statics analysis;Archard wear theory;Friction and wear characteristics
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Taking the Dongfeng Q/ZEZPSCZ02—2018 type peripheral disc brake as the research object, explores the thermal-stress coupling of this new type of brakes, and analyzes its safety performance. Based on the three-dimensional model established by SolidWorks and with the help of the finite element analysis software Ansys Workbench, the thermal-stress coupling of the peripheral disc brake is established, the continuous braking and turbulent road braking of the car are set as working conditions, the equivalent elastic strain, stress and temperature rise are analyzed and the mapping relationship between the above is explored. The temperature cloud diagram, stress cloud diagram, and equivalent elastic strain cloud diagram are obtained through model simulation. The analysis shows that the temperature rising trend is firstly rapid and then slow, and the maximum stress and equivalent elastic strain are located at the double cams of the inner hoof; after comparing with the experimental data of the bench, it is found that the result is within the allowable range of the error, which provides a larger reference basis for subsequent engineering design, heat dissipation mechanism research, inspection and maintenance.关键词：Peripheral disc brake;Finite element;Thermal-stress coupling
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：To explore the effect of grease on the friction performance of minicar wheel bearings, a certain mini car is used as the research object, and the friction torque analysis model of wheel hub bearings is established using SKF rolling bearing calculation theory to study the effect of different grease parameters on the friction performance of wheel hub bearings. The friction performance of the wheel bearing grease is optimized and verified by combining the grease performance test, the wheel bearing friction torque test and the vehicle sliding test. Studies have shown that low viscosity grease with good oil separation performance is of great significance in reducing wheel bearing friction torque and improving vehicle fuel economy. The use of complex lithium-based synthetic hydrocarbon grease can reduce the low wheel bearing friction torque by 40% and the sliding resistance of the vehicle by 7.3%.关键词：Grease;Wheel bearing;Friction torque;Viscosity;Oil bleeding
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：In order to improve the wear problem of sprockets caused by vibration in the process of mining scraper conveyor operation, the Ansys finite element software is used to analyze the sprocket with different tooth thicknesses respectively. Through the comprehensive analysis of the results, the relationship curve between the sprocket natural frequency and tooth thickness, and the relationship curve between the maximum deformation and tooth thickness are obtained. The results show that for 48 mm×152 mm medium double chain sprockets, the service condition of the sprocket and the size of the supporting scraper should be comprehensively analyzed, and the design parameter with the tooth thickness of 87 mm should be selected, so that the sprocket could have higher natural frequency and smaller corresponding maximum deformation, which can ensure the transmission performance of the ring chain and sprockets. The special points in the analysis results are analyzed to identify special cases that should be avoided for the sprocket mode. When the excitation outside the sprocket cannot be changed, the tooth thickness parameter of 97 mm shall be avoided to prevent excessive deformation of the tooth. The analysis results provide a theoretical basis for the design optimization and manufacturing of the chain drive system of the scraper conveyor used in mining.关键词：Mining scraper conveyor;Sprocket;Modal analysis;Natural frequency
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：The tooth surface of spiral bevel gears is a spatial curved surface, and the change of tooth surface roughness can have a significant impact on its meshing performance, directly affecting the vibration, bearing and other performance of the system. A theoretical simulation and an experimental research of an aviation spiral bevel gear is carried out using the parallel spindle type barrel finishing process, a mathematical model of the process motion is established, the formula of cutting speed between abrasive and tooth surface is deduced, and the main factors affecting the result are analyzed; with the help of the Hertz-Mindlin with archard wear model of the EDEM software, the tooth surface wear is simulated; through this process, the surface quality of the disc spiral bevel gear surface is experimentally studied. The results show that using this process, the burr of the gear surface can be eliminated, the corner is rounded, the Ra of gear surface is reduced from 0.8 μm to about 0.4 μm, and the tooth surface morphology tends to be isotropic, which lays a foundation for further research of gear contact performance and industrial application.关键词：Spiral bevel gear;DEM;Barrel finishing;Cutting speed;Surface quality
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：In order to decrease the timing gear whines of diesel engines, a dynamical analysis model of timing gear system is constructed, considering the influence of the elastic characteristics of the support end of the engine block. Based on the analytical model, the transmission error, contact pattern and vibration response are investigated. The NVH bench test is carried out, and the measured data present the consistency between the simulation and the experiment. The gear modification is proposed considering the influence of the light load on multiple gear meshing pairs. The optimization of gear modification is put into effect and the experiment data show that this modification method can reduce the gear whine by controlling the convex curve on top profile, concave at center gear surface and tooth flank waviness.关键词：Timing gear;Whine;Modification
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发布时间：2022-12-01
Test·Analysis
- 摘要：Aiming at the difficulty of extracting fault features of rolling bearings under the influence of strong background noise, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on the fusion of variational mode decomposition (VMD) and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. After decomposing the original variation signal into multiple components, the proposed method employs the Pearson correlation coefficient as the automatic decomposition termination threshold and the optimal modal component selection index; a convolutional neural network is constructed according to bearing fault features and the optimal modal component is used as the input to extract and classify the fault types. The experiments validate that the proposed method can accurately diagnose the rolling bearing faults, which is validated as a new method for rolling bearing fault diagnosis regarding strong background noise.关键词：Rolling bearing;Fault diagnosis;Strong background noise;Variational mode decomposition;Convolutional neural network
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：In order to obtain the location and size information of the wear area of face gears, a method of gear surface wear inspection based on reverse engineering is proposed. According to the measurement principle, the conversion matrix of the measuring coordinates is deduced; by measuring the tooth profile deviation and with the error compensation algorithm, the compensation point of the measuring point is obtained and the control equation of NURBS surface fitting is presented; a test bench is built, and an example operation is carried out to compare and analyze the standard tooth surface and the worn surface. The data in the unworn area is well matched, and the data points in the worn area are clear and free of noise. Therefore the use of reverse engineering technology in the face gear wear detection method is correct and feasible, and it provides a prerequisite for the future of green remanufacturing.关键词：Face gear;Tooth wear;Reverse engineering
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：An adaptive local iterative filtering (ALIF) and permutation entropy (PE) fault diagnosis method based on gene optimized least squares support vector machine (GOLSSVM) is proposed. The method is applied to the diagnosis of gearboxes, and the identification of four fault types of gearboxes is successfully realized. Aiming at the problem that permutation entropy cannot directly identify different fault categories of gearboxes, the advantages of ALIF method in removing residual noise and suppressing mode aliasing compared with EMD method are used, and the ALIF method is used to reduce noise and extract effective components. Then the PE value with component (C-PE value) is calculated to obtain the multi-scale characteristics of vibration signals. Then the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). Finally, the feature vector is input into GOLSSVM to classify the fault features. The results show that the proposed method has advantages in fault recognition accuracy compared with BP neural network and SVM.关键词：Gene optimization;Support vector machine;Adaptive local iterative filtering;Permutation entropy
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Aiming at the problem that the loading signal is simple and is difficult to reflect the real load in actual driving, a fatigue life analysis method of electric vehicle reducer gear based on the actual driving load spectrum is proposed. An actual driving load spectrum collection scheme of the reducer test site is formulated, and a test system is established to collect the actual driving load spectrum of the electric vehicle reducer; on this basis, a dynamic model of the rigid flexible coupling system of the electric vehicle reducer is established, and the kinematics and dynamics are verified; with the collected actual driving load spectrum as input, the dynamic simulation analysis of the reducer system is carried out, and the gear meshing force is extracted. Combined with the finite element analysis model, the damage and life of the reducer gear are analyzed. The results show that the fatigue life analysis of electric vehicle reducer gears based on the actual load spectrum is more in line with the actual situation.关键词：Reducer gear;Load spectrum;Fatigue life;Simulation analysis
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发布时间：2022-12-01 - 摘要：Gears are often in a harsh working environment, and their vibration signals have the characteristics of non-linearity and non-stationarity. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a fault diagnosis method suitable for gears. To solve this problem, an intelligent fault diagnosis method based on adaptive projection intrinsically transformation sine-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition (APIT-SA-MEMD) and Floyd local linear embedding (FLLE) algorithm is proposed. Multivariate empirical mode decomposition of adaptive projection intrinsically transformation has modal aliasing phenomenon, so APIT-SA-MEMD is proposed to reduce the modal aliasing phenomenon existing in traditional empirical mode decomposition. First, the APIT-SA-MEMD method is used to decompose the gear vibration signal, and the IMF component that can characterize the gear vibration signal is obtained. On this basis, the time domain and frequency domain features of the selected IMF components are extracted to obtain a high-dimensional feature matrix. Finally, FLLE is used to perform dimensionality reduction and clustering analysis on the high-dimensional feature matrix to realize the identification of gear fault modes. Experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately identify different types of gear faults.关键词：Gear;Adaptive projection intrinsically transformation sine-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition;Floyd local linear embedding;Dimensionality reduction;Faults diagnosis
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发布时间：2022-12-01
Development·Application
- 摘要：Spiral bevel gears are widely used in many fields. Research on the robust optimization design technology of spiral bevel gears is of great significance for improving the service life of spiral bevel gears and reducing noise in transmission. Thus, the ideas and methods of robust optimization design are introduced; the research done by scholars at home and abroad on the robust optimization design of spiral bevel gears is summarized; combined with the discussion of the influence on the meshing performance of spiral bevel gears and based on the robust optimization design research and analysis of spiral bevel gears, the current problems and shortcomings are summarized, which provide reference for the precise design of our country's aviation spiral bevel gears and the research on vibration and noise reduction.关键词：Spiral bevel gear;Robust optimization design;Installation error;Parameter design;Contact performance
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发布时间：2022-12-01
Review
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