最新刊期
期 9 ， 2021
- 摘要：In order to study the effect of the symmetry error generated by processing on the herringbone character gear meshing transmission， improve the stability of the transmission， according to the structural characteristics of herringbone gear and gear geometry contact model， consider the tooth surface gap， force equilibrium conditions and axial displacement， the herringbone gear bearing contact analysis model of symmetry error is established. The influence of different symmetry error on the gear contact and axial vibration of a pair of herringbone gear is analyzed， and then a compensation method that uses coupling effect of axial assembling error and symmetry error is put forward. The research result shows that symmetry error seriously reduces the stability and reliability of herringbone gear transmission. The error coupling compensation can lower partial loaded and axial vibration caused by symmetry error which provides new methods for the optimization of transmission process and is of greatly significant to improve the dynamic characteristics of herringbone gear system.关键词：Herringbone gear;Symmetry error;Error compensation;Dynamic characteristic
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Aiming at the effect of different position and quantity working gaps of T-type magnetorheological（MR） brake on braking performance， combined with theoretical modeling and simulation analysis， the braking torque and magnetic field distribution of T-type magnetorheological brakes under different working states are studied under the constraints of the same size and the same magnetorheological fluid（MRF） material. Based on the different position and quantity of working gaps， the design of magnetic circuit and the theoretical modeling and calculation of braking torque are carried out. By comparing the simulation results with the theoretical calculation results， the braking torque generated by the working gaps at different positions is analyzed. The results show that when the MRF used in brake， the overall dimensions of consistent case， through the contrast of braking torque of the simulation analysis results and the theoretical calculation results， the relative difference in disc work condition is greater than the drum-type working state. Among them， under the disc working state， the relative difference of gap A is the largest， in the drum-type working state， the relative difference of gap D is the smallest. Furthermore， the braking torque generated by the gap D unit magnetomotive force is the largest， which indicates that this type of brake has the highest energy utilization rate under this working state. The research results provide a reference for the design and research of T-type magnetorheological brake.关键词：Working gap;T-type structure MR brake;Braking torque;Magnetic field strength
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Taking the hydrodynamic bearing with surface micro-pits as the research object， a mathematical model of oil film characteristics is established based on the flow balance of the micro-pits， and the static and dynamic characteristics and stability parameters of the bearing are obtained with the depth and area of the micro-pits. The changes in the rate， shape and arrangement of the bearing are compared with the calculation results of the bearing characteristics of the smooth bearing surface. The results show that the pit shape， distribution， size and other factors significantly affect the oil film bearing capacity， flow rate， attitude angle， average temperature rise and other static characteristic parameters and stiffness， damping and other dynamic characteristic parameters. Among them， the optimal micro-pit depth makes the oil film bearing load capacity has been increased by 15.3%， and the threshold rotary speed has been increased by 6.9%. This research has reference significance for the study of hydrodynamic bearings with surface micro-pits.关键词：Surface micro-pit;Hydrodynamic bearing;Dynamic and static characteristic;Stability characteristic
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Taking an asymmetry 2UPS-UP parallel mechanism with two rotational and one translational degrees of freedom as the research object， the performance analysis and multi-objective optimization of dimensional parameters for the mechanism are presented. The degrees of freedom of the mechanism are determined by the suitable constraint branch UP， so the mechanism can perform two rotational motions around the center of U pair and one translational motion along the P pair of the branch. The symbolic solutions to the forward and inverse displacement analysis are derived. This mechanism with the partial motion-decoupling characteristics is of great benefit to subsequent research such as error analysis， motion trajectory planning， and control. This study proposes the analytic expressions of velocity analysis by means of the vector method. With the aid of the singularity of speed Jacobian matrix， the possible singular configurations of the mechanism are analyzed. Screw algebra is used as a mathematic tool to give the evaluation indices for motion and force transmission performances of the mechanism. Based on the performance evaluation and workspace analysis， an expensive constrained optimization model is constructed to formulate the design problem of dimensional parameters. Furthermore， a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is employed to solve this problem， and multiple Pareto optimal solutions are obtained.关键词：Parallel mechanism;Displacement analysis;Transmission performance index;Orientational workspace;Evolutionary multi-objective optimization
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Based on the lever method， the possible connection schemes are obtained via matching the components of leverage node of double row parallel planetary gear mechanism （PGM）. A layout scheme with less linking elements and more gears is achieved by analyzing the arrangement of engine， motor and linking elements. According to the gear ratio range of existing double row parallel PGM transmissions， the PGM connection scheme is screened， and finally 17 configurations of SMT are obtained. Arbitrary selected a configuration of SMT and topologized， the operation mode and power flow of the configuration of SMT are analyzed. It is obtained that not only can it realize engine driving， motor driving， hybrid driving， driving power generation， braking power generation and parking power generation working modes， but also is no cycle power in each working mode.关键词：Single motor transmission;Planetary gear mechanism;Lever method;Transmission ratio;Working mode
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：A 5-DOF series-parallel robot is designed based on the single-opened-chain and position and orientation characteristic set， and the configuration synthesis and degrees of freedom of the 5-DOF series-parallel robot are calculated and analyzed to verify that the proposed mechanism meets the design requirements. The kinematics of the 5-DOF series-parallel robot is further discussed， and the position inverse solution of the parallel mechanism and the speed of the moving platform are analyzed. The Adams software is used to simulate the designed 5-DOF series-parallel robot to verify the feasibility of the mechanism. The results show that the proposed mechanism has the characteristics of relatively stable motion and large working space， which provides a reference basis for the multi-drive control of the 5-DOF series-parallel mechanism.关键词：5-DOF;Series-parallel mechanism;Single-opened-chain;Position and orientation characteristic set;Kinematics
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Aiming at the straight and turning movements of quadruped robots， the gait based on the crawling gait is separately planned. The concept of coordinated rotating gait is proposed and used it in in-situ turning. The common point of the foot trajectory of the straight gait and the turning gait on the spot is found， and then this point is used to realize the rapid migration of the gait and use it in the turning motion of the quadruped robot. According to the structure design of the quadruped robot in the early stage， a virtual prototype of a quadruped robot is established. A new evaluation criterion—angle margin criterion （SA criterion） is proposed to evaluate the stability of its planned gait， so as to find the optimal gait. A test platform is set up for testing， and the results showed that the gait planning for straight and turning is reasonable and feasible.关键词：Quadruped robot;Gait planning;Gait migration;Coordinated rotation gait;Angle margin criterion
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：In order to improve the smoothness of the spiral bevel gear transmission system， the changing law of gear vibration characteristics under different load transmission errors is studied， the finite element model of the spiral bevel gear transmission system is established with the MASTA software as a tool， and the result is obtained by changing the load different load-bearing transmission errors. Taking the vibration acceleration waterfall diagram， vibration acceleration amplitude spectrum and noise curve diagram as objects， the gear vibration characteristics under different loads are compared and analyzed. The results show that， the vibration and noise of the gear will tend to decrease when the load transmission error fluctuation decreases. The analysis results provide a reliable basis for improving the stability of the gear transmission system.关键词：Spiral bevel gear;Load transmission error;Vibration acceleration;Noise
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发布时间：2022-11-10
Theory·Reserach
- 摘要：Aiming at the calculation problem of straight bevel gear meshing stiffness， to convert the tooth to tooth width of midpoint equivalent straight tooth cylindrical gear， then the equivalent of the gear tooth is simplified to the cantilever beam on the dedendum circle， through the energy method， the single tooth meshing stiffness is calculated the analyzed. Based on the principle of displacement tolerance further gear time-varying meshing stiffness calculation model is put forward. Compared with the finite element results， and the source of the error is analyzed， the verification of the calculation method is completed. The proposed calculation method not only enriches and develops the calculation theory of gear stiffness， but also has important significance to the study of gear dynamics.关键词：Straight bevel gear;Equivalent spur gear;Mesh stiffness of single teeth;Energy method;Time-varying meshing stiffness;Finite element method
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：According to the theory of gear space meshing， the space coordinate system of gear meshing is established， the mathematical models of asymmetric involute cylindrical gear and offset face gear are derived， and the meshing equation of asymmetric offset face gear is established. Taking the meshing equation as constraint condition， the numerical calculation program for solving the tooth surface point cloud coordinates of offset face gear pair is compiled， and the tooth surface point cloud coordinates of offset face gear pair are solved. The complex surface model of offset face gear is obtained by fitting the point cloud. The problems that the inner diameter of asymmetric offset face gear is not undercut and the outer diameter is constant are studied， and the limiting condition of tooth width is determined. The basic design parameters of offset face gear pair are determined， the discrete coordinate points of tooth surface are solved and imported into 3D software. The accurate geometric models of offset face gear and asymmetric involute gear are established. The research result has guiding significance for the design and manufacture of special asymmetric offset face gear transmission system.关键词：Asymmetric gear;Offset face gear;Complex surface creation;Geometric modeling
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Aiming at the problems of low rigidity， large accumulated error， and limited high-speed and heavy load in the application of serial robots in the constant force grinding processing industry， a five-degree-of-freedom parallel robot composed of 4-UPS/PPS composed of four sets of the same UPS drive branch chain and one PPS restraint branch chain is proposed， the robot movement in two-dimensional plane and rotation in three-dimensional space are realized. The X-direction constraint degrees of freedom of robot is analyzed through the DH parameter method， the mapping relationship between the moving platform pose and the driving branch is determined according to the robot kinematics inverse solution equation. The robot workspace constraint equation and objective function equation are established， the tool end space pose are analyze， and spatial scatter diagrams and three-dimensional diagrams are drawn. By using Adams simulation software to compare the numerical solution and the simulation solution analysis curve， it can be seen that the robot driving branch runs smoothly and the theoretical analysis is correct. It also provides a theoretical and technical basis for the practical application of parallel robots in the field of constant force grinding.关键词：Parallel robot;Kinematics;D-H parameter;Workspace analysis;Adams simulation
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：A new type of parallel mechanism with 1T2R 3-DOF is proposed， and its kinematics and workspace are analyzed. The characteristics of the mechanism are described in detail， and the degree of freedom is analyzed based on the screw theory， and verified by the modified Grübler-Kutzbach formula. Then， based on the structure and motion characteristics of the mechanism， the forward and inverse kinematics solution model of the mechanism is derived by using the spatial position vector method. The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the theoretical calculation results of a specific example with the simulation results of Adams. The workspace of the parallel mechanism is analyzed based on Monte Carlo method. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the detailed mechanical configuration and practical application of this kind of mechanism.关键词：Parallel mechanism;Kinematics;Monte Carlo method;Workspace
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：The CAD parametric modeling of RV reducer parts is carried out， and the parametric assembling model of cycloidal gear modification amount and dimension error of parts is established. Based on multi-body dynamics simulation technology， with bearing clearance， dynamics simulation model that includes gear contact and pin-slot contact is established. Considering the small period factors that affect the angular transmission error of RV reducer， the diameter of the needle tooth center circle and the diameter of the needle tooth groove in the same assembly dimension chain are selected to combine the errors， and the dynamics simulation is carried out under rated working conditions，the variation rule of the angular transmission error is analyzed.关键词：RV reducer;Parametric;Multi-body dynamics;Error combination
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：A new type of offset orthogonal face-gear is presented. A certain offset distance is applied to the arc tooth cylindrical gear， which is used as an imaginary tool to envelop the offset orthogonal arc tooth face-gear. Based on the differential geometry calculation and gear meshing principle， the equations of the offset orthogonal arc tooth face-gear surfaces are deduced， and the mathematical models of working tooth surface and transition surface are established in Matlab. By using the generated mathematical model， two different offset distances are applied. After analyzing the equations and comparing the tooth surface models， a conclusion is drawn， the effect of offset distance on tooth shape is mainly reflected in tooth height， but not in tooth width and tooth thickness. Finally， the set of tooth surface points is derived， and the solid modeling of offset orthogonal arc tooth face-gear is designed， which lays a foundation for the subsequent research on the meshing and bending strength of this kind of tooth.关键词：Offset orthogonal;Arc tooth;Face gear;Offset distance;Solid modeling
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：A dynamics model of high-speed angular contact ball bearings under the lubrication condition is established， in the calculation of contact deformation and contact stiffness between ball bearing and inner/outer ring， the influence of lubricating oil entrainment and squeeze during high-speed rotation is considered. Through the coupling iteration of contact angle and contact stiffness， the calculation method of axial and radial stiffness of high-speed angular contact ball bearings considering lubrication effect is obtained. The results show that after considering the lubrication effect， the contact angle between the ball and the inner/outer ring decreases， and the axial/radial stiffness of the bearing increases. The increase in the axial load increases the axial/radial stiffness， and the lower the axial load， the more obvious the effect of lubricating oil. The increase in the radial load makes the axial stiffness increase and the radial stiffness decrease. As the number of rollers increases，the axial/radial stiffness increases，and the effect of lubricating oil is more obvious; Compared with 4019 lubricant， 4106 lubricant increases bearing axial/radial stiffness. The axial/radial stiffness of ceramic ball bearings is greater than steel ball bearings， and has an approximately linear relationship with the speed.关键词：Angular contact ball bearing;Lubrication;Friction pair;Contact stiffness;Dynamics
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：The pure electric bus with multi gear transmission can effectively improve the acceleration ability and driving range. However， the design of shift schedule is faced with the problems of heavy workload， high cost and over dependence on the experience of calibration engineers. Therefore， a model-based shift schedule design method， which can effectively shorten the development cycle of shift schedule is proposed. Firstly， dynamic programming is used to optimize the shift sequence of vehicles under standard cycle conditions. Then， the shift points obtained are taken as data samples， and the shift schedule that can be directly used in vehicle controller is extracted by cluster analysis method. Finally， the effectiveness of the extracted shift schedule is verified by simulation. The simulation results show that the vehicle using the shift schedule designed in this paper can give consideration to both dynamic and economy. Compared with the original shift schedule， the cycle power consumption can be reduced by 5.51%.关键词：Pure electric bus;Multi gear transmission;Gearshift schedule;Dynamic programming;Statistical analysis
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发布时间：2022-11-10
Design· Calculation
- 摘要：The internal quality of gear is determined by material quality， forging quality and heat treatment process quality. Failure of about 35% of the gears is related to their poor internal quality. The influence of some items of internal quality of carburizing quenching gear （surface decarburization， internal oxidation， coarse martensite， carbide structure， non-martensite structure， black structure， retained austenite， grain size， etc.） on gear strength and life are mainly discussed， the degree of influence is mostly expressed by the data of experimental results. Finally， the R-S-N curve test data（gear decarburization layer depth 0.2~0.3 mm， the bending endurance limit stress σF lim at tooth root is reduced by 23%~50%） of carburizing and quenching gears with 5 materials show that the great influence of gear surface decarburization on gear bending fatigue strength.关键词：Gear;Carburizing quenching;Internal quality;Heat treatment defect;Strength and life
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：The bearing in the main shaft system of the aero-engine is often used in combination with elastic support and squeeze film damper （SFD） to reduce vibration. And this will affect the motion state of the bearing due to the change of the supporting mode. Based on the dynamics theory of rolling bearing and the modal synthesis method， a bearing/rigid rotor model supported by the cylindrical roller bearing with elastic support and squeeze film damper is established. It is used to study the influence of unsteady load caused by rotor unbalance on dynamics characteristics of the bearing. The results show that the skidding rate of the cage shows obvious fluctuation characteristics when the unbalance causes the bearing under unsteady conditions. The squeeze oil damper has a certain influence on the bearing loads and skidding characteristics. The skidding rate of cage increases and presents irregular fluctuations due to the periodic time-varying load.关键词：Bearing dynamics;Elastic support;Squeeze film damper;Bearing dynamic characteristic
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Gear wear is the the main failure form， the study of wear characteristics is instructive to the active design of cylindrical gear with variable hyperbolic circular-arc-tooth-trace（VH-CATT）. Based on Hertz contact theory and Archard wear calculation formula， the wear model of VH-CATT cylindrical gear is established， and the wear law at each point of tooth surface considering working condition parameters and design parameters are analyzed by numerical calculation. The analysis results show that the tooth surface wear of VH-CATT cylindrical gear pair decreases firstly and then increases from tooth root to tooth tip along the tooth profile direction， and the wear amount in tooth root is greater than that in tooth tip area， and the wear amount in pitch circle area is the smallest. It is distributed symmetrically along the tooth width direction， with the largest wear in the middle section and decreasing in turn from the middle section to the two end faces. The above research can provide theoretical basis for failure studies and life prediction of cylindrical gear with variable hyperbolic arc tooth line.关键词：Variable hyperbolic helical cylindrical gear;Tooth surface wear;Numerical calculation;Archard model
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：The transmission characteristics of the precision RV reducer is mainly determined by the mesh state of planetary gears and input gear shaft，and vibration modal characteristics of the crank shaft have important effects on the dynamic behavior of the RV reducer. Taking the RV-80E as an example，based on the 3D model of the first-stage reducer，the vibration modal characteristics of the crank shaft considering three states，namely the free，bearing support and mesh state，are obtained using the finite element analysis method. Through the simulation analysis， induced by the meshing gear series，the two eccentric shaft edges and the head deformation of the crank shaft considering the mesh state is the biggest，better with the working mode of the RV reducer than the other states，and the natural frequencies of the crank shaft increase remarkably. The research results provide a theoretical basis for optimization design of dynamic characteristics and meshing characteristics of crank shaft in first-stage reducer part.关键词：RV reducer;Crank shaft;Meshing state;Modal analysis;Finite element method
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：It is difficult to measure the friction torque of bearing parts in practice. In order to study the variation law of the friction torque of rolling-sliding bearings and the influence of the structure parameters on it， the simulation analysis of rolling-sliding bearings is carried out by using Abaqus software to guide the structural design of the new bearing. The results show that the friction torque of the rolling-sliding bearing is from small to big， then to small， finally to stable. And the starting friction torque of the rolling-sliding bearing increases with the increase of the radial clearance and decreases with the increase of the clearance between the roller and the slider， the starting friction torque between the slider and the inner ring increases with the increase of the inner arc radius of the slider， the starting friction torque between the slider and the outer ring decreases with the increase of the outer arc radius of the slider. And after stable motion， the friction torque of the rolling-sliding bearing decreases with the increase of the radial clearance and the clearance between the roller and the slider， and the friction torque between the slider and the inner ring increases with the increase of the inner arc radius of the slider， and the friction torque between the slider and the outer ring decreases with the increase of the outer arc radius of the slider.关键词：Rolling-sliding bearing;Friction torque;Simulation analysis
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：A nonlinear dynamics model of the planetary gears-rotor system is established with a developed internal mesh stiffness embedded with ring gear stiffness. The torsional effect of rotor and pivotal parameters from gears including gear backlash， time-varying mesh stiffness and comprehensive transmission error are incorporated. Responses characteristic are analyzed with bifurcation diagrams， the largest Lyapunov exponents （LLE）， Poincaré maps and phase diagrams. The torsional vibration displacement response between gear and rotor is studied， and the influence law of torsional stiffness ratio between rotor shaft and drive shaft is analyzed. It is found that the system exhibits nonlinear characteristic， enters into chaotic motion through quasi-periodic bifurcation and period-doubling bifurcation， threshold values for stiffness ratios to avoid bifurcation and chaos are obtained. The research provides a reference of undesirable torsional behaviors in dynamic designing and vibration controlling for planetary gears-rotor systems in helicopter main reducer transmission.关键词：Helicopter main reducer;Planetary gears-rotor system;Nonlinear dynamics;Bifurcation;Chaos
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发布时间：2022-11-10
Test·Analysis
- 摘要：The NJ2205 cylindrical roller bearing is taken as the analysis object， and roller modeling is carried out through ANSYS software to analyze the "edge effect" problem between roller and raceway under the conditions of flooded oil and stared oil， and the shear stress distribution of roller and raceway is compared and analyzed under the conditions of unmodified， full convex modification and logarithmic modification. The results show that under the condition of radial load is 11.45 kN and speed is 4 000 r/min， the shear stress in the direction of the roller generatrix under flooded oil condition is less than that of stared oil condition， the shear stress in the non-repair mode is the largest， and the logarithmic repair mode. The shear stress is the smallest， and the fully convex repair under oil-rich and spent oil reduces by 17.02% and 10.58% respectively compared to the unrepaired shape， and the logarithmic repair reduces by 32.95% and 17% respectively compared to the unrepaired shape. Therefore， the roller of NJ2205 cylindrical roller bearing adopts log modification curve can effectively reduce the shear stress.关键词：Cylindrical roller bearing;Friction coefficient;Flooded oil;Stared oil;Roller modification;Stress distribution
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：Aiming at the clunk problem of a certain type of vehicle， the clunk mechanism research， test and simulation analysis are carried out. Based on the understanding of the process of clunk generation， the mechanism of clunk is analyzed from the perspective of signal. Through the design of vehicle test， the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of clunk signal are studied， and the location of the sound source of the test vehicle clunk is found. Based on the AMESim software， the clunk analysis model of transmission is built， the influencing factors of clunk are explored， and the optimization measures of the clunk of test vehicle are put forward. The optimization results show that the clunk of the test vehicle can be significantly improved by slowing down the torque change rate， reducing the system gap and reducing the load inertia.关键词：Transmission;Clunk;Experimental test;Simulation analysis;Optimization
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：To efficiently realize lightweight and low flow pulsation performance for helical rotor pump. Firstly， a new helical rotor with only three lobes and a full conjugate contour for higher shape factor is presented， then， from taking dimensionless theoretical flow formula of its homologous straight rotor as a integrand function， the exact formula of dimensionless theoretical flow and following flow ripple factor of the new helical rotor are deduced. Finally， from results analysis of flow ripple factor of involute， circular and cycloid as three different contour type， a general simplified formula of flow ripple factor for the new helical rotor is obtained. The results show that instantaneous diameter as representing contour type has good universality， dimensionless derivation process of theoretical flow is simple and reliable. Flow ripple factor of the new helical rotor has a very approximate negative linear variation law with helical angle， which can be attributed to flow ripple factor of its homologous straight rotor and is a concise function of helical angle， contour factor， shape factor. The curve type of rotor contour has little influence on flow ripple factor， and simplified error of fixed impact factor of 1.05 is less than 3%. Three helical lobes with 60° helical angle is the best contour structures without flow ripple， the full conjugate structure of end contour can effectively reduce leakage in conjugate zone of rotor pair， etc. The results provide a basis for further development of lightweight helical rotor pump.关键词：Helical rotor;Full conjugate contour;Dimensionless theoretical flow;Flow ripple factor;Volume utilization factor
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发布时间：2022-11-10 - 摘要：The purpose of is to discuss an accessible approach to reduce the churning resistance of hypoid gear of automobile rear axle. A CFD model of automobile rear axle is conducted based on VOF and standard k-ε model， the churning power loss mechanism of rear axle hypoid gear is analyzed. The method of removing the bolt structure and adding baffle plates on both sides of hypoid gear is proposed to reduce the churning resistance. Through Fluent simulation， the churning resistance before and after improvement rear axle hypoid gear is analyzed， and compared with the empirical formula， and verified by experiments. The results show that， results of simulation analysis and test are in good agreement， the empirical formula is in good agreement with the simulation result， but less than the experimental value， the proper structural improvement and addition of oil baffle can significantly reduce the rear axle churning resistance， as the speed increases， the resistance reduction value increases， the maximum drag reduction can reach 35.9%.关键词：Volume of fluid;Rear axle;Hypoid gear;Churning resistance
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发布时间：2022-11-10
Development·Application
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