Dynamic characteristic analysis of multi-stage gearbox transmission system considering gearbox flexibility

ZHAO Yong; YU Ying; ZHANG Yuanyuan; YANG Jiajun; QIN Lijun

doi:10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.03.010

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Dynamic characteristic analysis of multi-stage gearbox transmission system considering gearbox flexibility

Dynamic Performance and Mesh Characteristics | 更新时间：2026-05-27

- Dynamic characteristic analysis of multi-stage gearbox transmission system considering gearbox flexibility
- Journal of Mechanical Transmission Vol. 50, Issue 3, Pages: 80-88(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.长安大学道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室，西安 710064
  2.北京航天试验技术研究所，北京 100074
  3.山推工程机械股份有限公司，济宁 272073
  4.平凉职业技术学院，平凉 744000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.03.010
  CLC： TH212
- Received：04 November 2024，
  
  Published：15 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
赵勇，于颖，张媛媛，等. 计及箱体柔性的多级变速箱传动系统动态特性分析［J］. 机械传动，2026，50（3）：80-88.

ZHAO Yong，YU Ying，ZHANG Yuanyuan，et al. Dynamic characteristic analysis of multi-stage gearbox transmission system considering gearbox flexibility［J］. Journal of Mechanical Transmission，2026，50（3）：80-88.
赵勇，于颖，张媛媛，等. 计及箱体柔性的多级变速箱传动系统动态特性分析［J］. 机械传动，2026，50（3）：80-88. DOI： 10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.03.010.

ZHAO Yong，YU Ying，ZHANG Yuanyuan，et al. Dynamic characteristic analysis of multi-stage gearbox transmission system considering gearbox flexibility［J］. Journal of Mechanical Transmission，2026，50（3）：80-88. DOI： 10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.03.010.

摘要

目的

为了准确计算装载机多级齿轮变速器的动态特性及箱体结构柔性对动态响应的影响，提出一种计及箱体柔性的动态响应的高效数值计算方法。

方法

首先，综合考虑齿轮传动系统的刚度、误差激励，采用集中质量法建立了多级齿轮传动系统弯-扭耦合多自由度动力学模型；其次，借助有限元软件和Romax软件，建立箱体有限元模型；最后，基于子结构法构建箱体-传动系统耦合动力学方程，该方程在传动系统动力学方程的基础上增加了箱体缩聚点的新自由度，可通过龙格-库塔法求解动态啮合力及轴承支反力。

结果

结果表明，箱体柔性对传动系统的影响与齿轮副位置及工况均有关；低速、轻载下，箱体柔性对传动系统中动态啮合力的影响较小；由于轴承和箱体直接接触，箱体对传动系统的影响从轴承处到齿轮副处逐渐减小，所以，箱体柔性对轴承支反力的影响大于对齿轮啮合力的影响。因此，为准确预测高速、重载复杂变速箱的振动噪声，箱体的柔性不可忽略。

Abstract

Objective

In order to accurately calculate the dynamic characteristics of the multi-stage gear transmission of a loader and the influence of gearbox structure flexibility on dynamic response

an efficient numerical calculation method for dynamic response considering the flexibility of the casing was proposed.

Methods

Firstly

considering the stiffness and error excitation of the gear transmission system

a multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the multi-stage gear transmission system with bending-torsion coupling was established using the concentrated mass method. Secondly

using finite element software and Romax software

a finite element model of the gearbox was established. Finally

based on the substructure method

a coupled dynamic equation for the gearbox and transmission system was constructed

which added a new degree of freedom for the gearbox condensation point on the basis of the transmission system dynamic equation. The dynamic meshing force and bearing support reaction could be obtained by using the Runge-Kutta method.

Results

The results show that the influence of gearbox flexibility on the transmission system is related to the position of the gear pair and working conditions. At low speeds and light loads condition

the influence of gearbox flexibility on the dynamic meshing force in the transmission system is relatively small. Due to the direct contact between the bearing and the gearbox

the influence of the gearbox on the transmission system is attenuating from the bearing to the gear pair. Therefore

the influence of the gearbox flexibility on the bearing support reaction is greater than that on the gear meshing force. Therefore

in order to accurately predict the vibration noise of high-speed and heavy-duty complex transmissions

the flexibility of the gearbox can’t be ignored.

关键词

Keywords

references

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